麻辣校园

新概念四     第33课           授课老师：新东方JERRY岳军         07年10月20,21日

（黑线部分为课文单词，蓝体为课后补充）

Education教育

本文为新概念四10大必背文章之一

 

使某人在某方面得到启蒙enlighten so as to sth

揭示，启发shed light on (mistery)

弄清楚come to light

早在1960年as long ago as 1960/long since 1960

四大强调:

1.     加标点符号，强调，打断punctuate

2.     emphasize

3.     stress

4.     underline

继承遗产inherit a legacy from

赠与bequeath to

She bequeathed everything to her son.她把一切财产都遗赠给她的儿子。

One age bequeaths its civilization to the next.前一代将其文明传给后一代。

 

天生的inherent=intrinsic

缺陷deficiency

这种制度天生具有的缺陷dificiency inherent with the system

in-born      deem想, 认为, 视为; 相信          doom厄运, 毁灭; 死亡

I deem it my duty to help the poor.我认为帮助穷人是我的职责。

pronounce doom upon [on] sb.宣判某人的罪行

the day of doom (=doomsday)【宗】最后审判日, 世界末日

be doomed to注定(后接名词或不定式)

go/fall/meet to one's doom死亡, 灭亡

 

面临be confronted with

 

escape/run away/skip

 

ad-:against

verse-/vert-:转

不利的adverse

逆境adversity=adverse circumstances

恶劣的气候adverse climate/weather             hostile/harsh/inclement climate

竞争对手adversary=opponent

diverse diversity     diversify

内向introvert

外向extrovert

颠倒的reverse         in reverse order

内心挣扎impel

他在逆境中生存

Lif for him is a perpetual struggle against adversity.=He lives in adversity.

a perpetual rose四季开花的蔷薇

a perpetual calender万年历

struggle/efforts for

 

可买到的purchasable

 

传教士preacher

 

被告defendant

上诉sue/prosecute

原告prosecutor(刑事案件的)plaintiff(民事案件的)

tiff-:争吵

affidavit法庭证据（书面）, 【律】宣誓口供, 宣誓书

testimony法庭证据（口头）

律师attorney

证人witness

 

视野，态度outlook

spiritual outlook精神面貌

 

能力，承载量，性能capacity

have the capacity of …

have the capacity to do sth

competence竞争能力

be competent to do…

vision视野        competence           character

 

足智多谋的resourceful

He is at the end of all his resource.他黔驴技穷了。

天资aptitude

学术资质测试scholaristic aptitude tests

 

民主的democratic         民主人士democrat

 

部落的tribal

 

部落tribe

 

文盲illiterate

 

义务的compulsory        动词原形compel

九年制义务教育the 9-year compulsory education in China

义务教育，老外一般是说school attendance

强制性的

 

认为deem

 

方法，手段，财产，资力means

 

防碍hamper

 

大草原savannah

 

青少年的juvenile

 

犯罪，原始含义为过失delinquency

crime(指法律上的犯罪)    sin(指宗教上)     guilty(指心理上) offense(指法律,宗教,习俗,文化上)

滔天大罪felony

犯罪commit the crime

 

维基百科wikipedia

 

key/vital/crucial/critical

 

take priority over

 

在…前be prior to

 

be of paramount significance

be paramount to all others胜过其它一切; 比其它一切都重要; 高于其它一切

paramount clause首要条款

of paramount importance最重要的

Paramount Pictures, Inc.派拉蒙影业公司

CCCPC

中国共产党中央委员会Central Committee of the Communist Party of China
中央政治局Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the CPC
中央政治局常务委员会Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC
中央书记处Secretariat of the Central Committee of the CPC
中央军事委员会Central Military Commission of the CPC
中央纪律检查委员会Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC

中央办公厅General Office, CCCPC
中央组织部Organization Department, CCCPC
中央宣传部Publicity Department, CCCPC
中央统一战线部United Front Work Department, CCCPC
中央对外联络部International Liaison Department, CCCPC
中央政法委员会Committee of Political and Legislative Affairs, CCCPC
中央政策研究室Policy Research Office, CCCPC
中央直属机关工作委员会Work Committee for Offices Directly under the CCCPC
中央国家机关工作委员会State Organs Work Committee of the CPC
中央台湾工作委员会Taiwan Affairs Office, CCCPC
中央对外宣传办公室International Communication Office, CCCPC
中央党校Party School of the CPC
中央党史研究室Party History Research Centre, CCCPC
中央文献研究室Party Literature Research Centre, CCCPC
中央翻译局Compilation and Translation Bureau, CCCPC
中央外文出版发行事业局China Foreign Languages Publishing and Distribution Administration
中央档案馆Archives Bureau, CCCPC

《中国人民政治协商会议及其机构》
The Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and Its Structure

中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会National Committee of the CPPCC
中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会常务委员会Standing Committee of the National Committee of the CPPCC

中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会办公厅General Offices of the CPPCC National Committee
专门委员会Special Committee
提案委员会Committee for Handling Proposals
经济委员会Committee for Economic Affairs
人口资源环境委员会Committee of Population, Resources and Environment
教科文卫体委员会Committee of Education, Science, Culture, Health and Sports
社会和法制委员会Committee for Social and Legal Affairs
民族和宗教委员会Committee for Ethnic and Religious Affairs
文史资料委员会Committee of Cultural and Historical Data
港澳台侨委员会Committee for Liaison with Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and Overseas Chinese
外事委员会Committee of Foreign Affairs
中国人民政治协商委员会地方委员会CPPCC Local Committees

《中国政党Chinese Parties》

中国共产党(中共)Communist Party of China (CPC)
中国国民党革命委员会(民革)Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang
中国民主同盟(民盟)Chinese Democratic League
中国民主建国会(民建)China Democratic National Construction Association
中国民主促进会(民进)China Association for Promoting Democracy
中国农工民主党Chinese Peasants and Workers Democratic Party
中国致公党China Zhi Gong Dang
九三学社Jiu San Society
台湾民主自治同盟(台盟)Taiwan Democratic SelfGovernment League

 

赋予某人…   invest sb with…

work out/map/frame/formulate a plan

计划你的未来map your future/map out your future

 

Our management is fashoned after(效仿) those successfully enterprises.

虚拟战争mimic war

模拟simulate

模拟考试simulated test

 

单引号是英式用法      双引号是美式用法

 

为了制造出表达的平衡和美感，把形容词放在后面

the most efficient method possible

the best solution conceivable/imaginable

all the car available

 

be armed for

 

有义务做…be under the obligation to do…

无义务做…be under no obligation to do

与紧密相连 be bound up with…

 

课文

Education is one of the key words of our time. A man without an education, many of us believe, is an unfortunate victim of adverse circumstances, deprived of one of the greatest twentieth-century opportunities.Convinced of the importance of education, modern states ‘invest’in the institutions of learning to get back ‘intrest’in the form of a large group of enlightened young men and women who are potential leaders. Education, with its cycles of instruction so carefully worked out, punctualted by textbooks-those purchasable wells of wisdom-what would civilization be like without its benefit?

So much is certain: that we would have doctors and preachers, lawyers and defendants, marriages and births-but our spiritual outlook would be different. We would pay less stress on‘facts and figures’ and more on a good memory, on applied psychology, and on the capacity of a man to get along with his fellowcitizens. If our educational system were fashioned after its bookless past we would have the most democratic form of ‘college’ imaginable. Among tribal people all knowledge inherited by tradition is shared by all; it is taught to every member of the tribe so that in this respect everybody is equally equipped for life.

It is the ideal condition of the ‘equal start ’which only our most progressive forms of modern education try to regain. In primitive cultures the obligation to seek and to receive the traditional instruction is binding to all. There are no ‘illiterates’—if the term can be applied to peoples without a script-while our own compulsory school attendance became law in Germany in 1642, in France in 1806, and in England in 1876, and is still non-existent in a number of ‘civilized’nations. This shows how long it was before we deemed it necessary to make sure that all our children could share in the knowledge accumulated by the ‘happy few’during the past centuries.

Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means. All are entitled to an equal start. There is none of the hurry which, in our society, often hampers the full development of a growing personality. There, a child grows up under the ever-present attention of his parents; therefore the jungles and the savannahs know of no ‘juvenile delinquency’. No necessity of making a living from home results in neglect of children, and no father is confronted with his inability to buy an education for his child.

Julius E. Lips The Origin of Things